Wheat

Wheat grows best in fertile, well-drained loamy and clay-loam soils. These soils hold enough moisture for the crop without staying soggy.

Key things to keep in mind

• Choose a field with good water drainage.

• Don't let water stand in the field for long periods.

• Level the field so sowing and irrigation are even across the whole area.

• Test the soil before you apply any fertilizer.

• Keep the soil healthy by adding organic matter and managing crop residue well.

Wheat can also be grown on other soil types. The key is to manage moisture, drainage and nutrients properly.

Wheat is a cool-season crop, so it does best when the weather stays mild during most of its growth.

Cool weather helps the plant get off to a strong start. It supports early growth, healthy root development and tillering (the formation of side shoots). Later, when the grain is maturing and ready for harvest, relatively warm and dry weather works best.

Be careful with heat during flowering and grain filling. High temperatures at this stage can affect how the grain develops and reduce the final yield.

To get the best results, choose a variety that suits your local climate and your sowing period.

Harvest wheat once the crop is fully mature. You'll know it's ready when the stems and ears have turned golden and the grains feel hard.

Try not to delay the harvest more than necessary, and plan the timing around the condition of your crop and the weather.

Once the wheat is harvested, handle it with care so you don't lose grain or quality. Follow these steps:

• Thresh the harvested wheat carefully.

• Separate the grain from chaff and other impurities.

• Dry the grain properly before you store it.

• Keep it in clean, dry storage facilities.

• Check the stored grain from time to time for moisture and insects.

Also, avoid burning crop residues. They are better left in the field or managed in ways that protect the soil.